Ubuntu

16.04

### Introduction

DigitalOcean Spaces is an object storage service that can be used to store large amounts of diverse, unstructured data. WordPress sites, which often include image and video assets, can be good candidates for object storage solutions. Using object storage for these types of static resources can optimize site performance by freeing up space and resources on your servers. For more information about object storage and WordPress check out our tutorial on [How To Back Up a WordPress Site to Spaces](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-back-up-wordpress-site-to-spaces). 

In this tutorial, we will use a WordPress plugin that works directly with DigitalOcean Spaces to use it as the primary asset store. The [DigitalOcean Spaces Sync](https://wordpress.org/plugins/do-spaces-sync/) plugin routes the data of our WordPress media library to Spaces and provides you with various configuration options based on your needs, streamlining the process of using object storage with your WordPress instance.

## Prerequisites

This tutorial assumes that you have a WordPress instance on a server as well as a DigitalOcean Space. If you do not have this set up, you can complete the following: 

- One Ubuntu 16.04 server, set up following our [Initial Server Setup with Ubuntu 16.04 tutorial](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/initial-server-setup-with-ubuntu-16-04).
- A LAMP stack installed on your server, following our tutorial on [How To Install Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP (LAMP) stack on Ubuntu 16.04](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-linux-apache-mysql-php-lamp-stack-on-ubuntu-16-04).
- WordPress installed on your server, following our tutorial on [How To Install WordPress with LAMP on Ubuntu 16.04](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-wordpress-with-lamp-on-ubuntu-16-04).
- A DigitalOcean Space and API key, created by following [How To Create a DigitalOcean Space and API Key](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-a-digitalocean-space-and-api-key). 
- [WP-CLI](http://wp-cli.org/) installed by following [these instructions](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-back-up-wordpress-site-to-spaces#using-plugins-to-create-backups).

With these prerequisites in place, we’re ready to begin using this plugin. 

## Modifying WordPress Permissions

Throughout this tutorial, we will be working with the `wp-content/uploads` folder in our WordPress project, so it is important that this folder exists and has the correct permissions. You can create it with the `mkdir` command using the `-p` flag in order to create the folder if it doesn't exist, and avoid throwing an error if it does:

```command
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html/wp-content/uploads
```
You can now set permissions on the folder. First, set the ownership to your user (we will use **sammy** here, but be sure to use your non-root `sudo` user), and group ownership to the `www-data` group:

```command
sudo chown -R <^>sammy<^>:www-data /var/www/html/wp-content/uploads
```
Next, establish the permissions that will give the web server write access to this folder:

```command
sudo chmod -R g+w /var/www/html/wp-content/uploads
```
We will now be able to use our plugins to create a store in object storage for the assets in the `wp-content/uploads` folder, and to engage with our assets from the WordPress interface.

## Installing DigitalOcean Spaces Sync

The first step in using DigitalOcean Spaces Sync will be to install it in our WordPress folder. We can navigate to the plugin folder within our WordPress directory:

```command
cd /var/www/html/wp-content/plugins
```

From here, we can install DigitalOcean Spaces Sync using the `wp` command:

```command
wp plugin install do-spaces-sync 
``` 

To activate the plugin, we can run:

```command
wp plugin activate do-spaces-sync
```

From here, we can navigate to the plugins tab on the left-hand side of our WordPress administrative dashboard:

![WordPress Plugin Tab](https://assets.digitalocean.com/articles/spaces_wordpress_backup/small_plugin_tab.png)

We should see DigitalOcean Spaces Sync in our list of activated plugins: 

![Spaces Sync Plugin Screen](https://assets.digitalocean.com/articles/do_spaces_sync_plugin/spaces_sync_activated.png)

To manage the settings for DigitalOcean Spaces Sync, we can navigate to our **Settings** tab, and select **DigitalOcean Spaces Sync** from the menu:

![Settings Tab](https://assets.digitalocean.com/articles/do_spaces_sync_plugin/settings_spaces_sync.png)

DigitalOcean Spaces Sync will now give us options to configure our asset storage:

![DO Spaces Sync Configuration](https://assets.digitalocean.com/articles/spaces_wordpress_backup/do_spaces_sync.png)

The **Connection Settings** field in the top half of the screen asks for our Spaces Access Key and Secret. It will then ask for our **Container**, which will be the name of our Space, and the **Endpoint**. 

You can determine the endpoint of your Space based on its URL. For example, if the URL of your Space is `https://<^>example-name<^>.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com`, then `<^>example-name<^>` will be your bucket/container, and `nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com` will be your endpoint.

In the plugin’s interface, the **Endpoint** section will be pre-filled with the default `https://ams3.digitaloceanspaces.com`. You should modify this endpoint if your Space lives in another region. 

Next, you will be asked for **File & Path Settings**. In the field marked **Full URL-path to files**, you can input either a storage public domain, if your files will be stored only on your Space, or a full URL path, if you will store them on your Space and server. 

For example, if your WordPress project is located in `/var/www/html`, and you want to store files on both your server and Space, then you would enter:

*  `http://your_server_ip/wp-content/uploads` in the **Full URL-path to files** field
* `/var/www/html/wp-content/uploads` in the **Local path** field 

The **Storage prefix** and **Filemask** settings are prefilled, and do not need to be modified unless you would like to specify certain types of files for your sync.

We will cover the specifics of storing files on your server and Space and on your Space alone in the following sections.

## Syncing and Saving Files in Multiple Locations

DigitalOcean Spaces Sync offers the option of saving files to your server while also syncing them to your Space. This utility can be helpful if you need to keep files on your server, but would also like backups stored elsewhere. We will go through the process of syncing a file to our Space while keeping it on our server. For the purposes of this example, we will assume that we have a file called `sammy10x10.png` that we would like to store in our media library and on our Space.  

First, navigate to the **Settings** tab on your WordPress administrative dashboard, and select **DigitalOcean Spaces Sync** from the menu of presented options.

Next, in the **Connections Settings** field, enter your Spaces Key and Secret, followed by your **Container** and **Endpoint**. Remember, if the URL of your Space is `https://<^>example-name<^>.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com`, then `<^>example-name<^>` will be your **Container**, and `nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com` will be your **Endpoint**. Test your connections by clicking the **Check the Connection** button at the bottom of the **Connection Settings** field: 

![Check Connection Button](https://assets.digitalocean.com/articles/spaces_wordpress_backup/connections_settings.png) 

Now we are ready to fill out the **File & Path Settings**. 

In the **Full URL-path to files** field we can enter our full URL path, since we are saving our file on our server and on our Space. We will use our server's IP here, but if you have a domain, you can swap out the IP address for your domain name. For more about registering domains with DigitalOcean, see our tutorial on [How To Set Up a Host Name with DigitalOcean](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-a-host-name-with-digitalocean). In our case, the **Full URL-path to files** will be `http://<^>your_server_ip<^>/wp-content/uploads`. 

Next, we will fill out the **Local path** field with the local path to the `uploads` directory: `/var/www/html/wp-content/uploads`.

Because we are working with a single file, we do not need to modify the **Storage prefix** and **Filemask** sections. As your WordPress media library grows in size and variety, you can modify this setting to target individual file types using wildcards and extensions such as `*.png` in the **Filemask** field.

Your final **File & Path Settings** will look like this:

![Sync Server and Cloud](https://assets.digitalocean.com/articles/do_spaces_sync_plugin/sync_server_cloud.png)

Be sure to save your configuration changes by clicking the **Save Changes** button at the bottom of the screen.

Now we can add our file, `sammy10x10.png`, to our WordPress media library. We will use the `wp media import` command, which will import the file from our home directory to our WordPress media library. In this case, our home directory will belong to **sammy**, but in your case this will be your non-root `sudo` user. As we move the file, we will use the `--path` parameter to specify the location of our WordPress project:

```command
wp media import --path=/var/www/html/ /home/<^>sammy<^>/<^>sammy10x10.png<^>
```
Looking at our WordPress interface, we should now see our file in our **Media Library**. We can navigate there by following the **Media Library** tab on the left side of our WordPress administrative dashboard:

![Media Library Tab](https://assets.digitalocean.com/articles/do_spaces_sync_plugin/spaces_sync_media_library.png)

If we navigate to our Spaces page in the DigitalOcean control panel, we should also see the file in our Space.

Finally, we can navigate to our `wp-content/uploads` folder, where WordPress will have created a sub-folder with the year and month. Within this folder we should see our `sammy10x10.png` file.

## Storing Files on Spaces

The DigitalOcean Spaces Sync plugin has an additional option that will allow us to store files only on our Space, in case we would like to optimize space and resources on our server. We will work with another file, `sammy-heart10x10.png`, and set our DigitalOcean Spaces Sync settings so that this file will be stored only on our Space.

First, let's navigate back to the plugin's main configuration page:

![DO Spaces Sync Configuration](https://assets.digitalocean.com/articles/spaces_wordpress_backup/do_spaces_sync.png)

We can leave the **Connection Settings** information, but we will modify the **File & Path Settings**. First, in the **Full URL-path to files**, we will write the storage public domain. Again, we will use our server IP, but you can swap this out for a domain if you have one: `http://uploads.<^>your_server_ip<^>`

Next, we will navigate to **Sync Settings**, at the bottom of the page, and click the first box, which will allow us to "store files only in the cloud and delete after successful upload." Your final **File & Path Settings** will look like this:

![Sync Cloud Only](https://assets.digitalocean.com/articles/do_spaces_sync_plugin/sync_cloud_only.png)

Be sure to save your changes by clicking the **Save Changes** button at the bottom of the screen. 

Back on the command line, we will move `sammy-heart10x10.png` from our user's home directory to our Media Library using `wp media import`:

```command
wp media import --path=/var/www/html/ /home/<^>sammy<^>/<^>sammy-heart10x10.png<^>
```
If we navigate back to our WordPress interface, we will not see `sammy-heart10x10.png` or `sammy10x10.png` in our **Media Library**. Next, if we return to the command line and navigate to our `wp-content/uploads` directory, we should see that `sammy-heart10x10.png` is missing from our timestamped sub-folder. 

Finally, if we navigate to the Spaces page in the DigitalOcean control panel, we should see both files stored in our Space.

## Conclusion

We have covered two different options you can use to store your WordPress media files to DigitalOcean Spaces using DigitalOcean Spaces Sync. This plugin offers additional options for customization, which you can learn more about by reading the developer’s article “[Sync your WordPress media with DigitalOcean Spaces](https://medium.com/@kee_ross/sync-your-wordpress-media-with-digitalocean-spaces-b730eb7e19fc).”

If you would like more general information about working with Spaces, check out our [introduction to DigitalOcean Spaces](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/an-introduction-to-digitalocean-spaces) and our guide to [best practices for performance on Spaces](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/best-practices-for-performance-on-digitalocean-spaces).

DigitalOcean Spaces Sync offers direct compatibility with DigitalOcean Spaces. You can use it to connect your media library to your Space, and it offers options for storing your items on your server and Space, or on your Space alone. 

How to Store WordPress Assets on DigitalOcean Spaces

Ubuntu

16.04

How To Store WordPress Assets on DigitalOcean Spaces