mod_rewrite not working on Apache on Ubuntu 16.04 with self-signed certificate

I have a LAMP stack Droplet on Ubuntu 16.04. I’ve followed the tutorial to setup mod_rewrite here. If I type sudo a2enmod rewrite it indicates Module rewrite already enabled. However, the rewrite rules do not work.

This answer indicates that this might has to do with my VirtualHost *:443 settings, is that so?

Contents of /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/html

    <Directory /var/www/html/>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

    <IfModule mod_dir.c>
        DirectoryIndex index.php index.pl index.cgi index.html index.xhtml index.htm
    </IfModule>

    Redirect permanent "/" "https://188.166.60.249/"

</VirtualHost>

Contents of .htaccess RewriteEngine on

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?/$1 [L,QSA]