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The root password for SSH and the root password for MySQL will/should be different, so just because you’re logged in as root via SSH doesn’t mean you’ll be able to login as root to MySQL.
If you installed MySQL from the CLI using a command such as:
apt-get install -y mysql-server
or
apt-get install -y mariadb-server
The root password for MySQL is set one of two ways.
mysql_secure_installation and set the password when prompted.That doesn’t work either. When installing mysql-server, it doesn’t prompt to set a password, and when running mysql_secure_installation it asks for a password, which throws the same error:
#mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root: Error: Access denied for user ‘root’@‘localhost’ (using password: YES)