Introduction

Lighttpd is an open source web server originally written by Jan Kneschke as an alternative to Apache, it has a low memory footprint and numerous websites such as YouTube and Wikimedia run Lighttpd servers. MySQL is a popular database solution for use in web applications (such as WordPress) and is generally combined with a server side scripting language, PHP.

This tutorial will show you the steps required to install Lighttpd, PHP and MySQL on CentOs 6 so that you can get up and running with your VPS.

Assumptions

The steps in this tutorial require the user to have root privileges. You can see how to set that up in the Initial Server Setup Tutorial.

Step One - Prerequisites

Update your system:

sudo yum update

You will need to install wget, a package for retrieving files using HTTP, HTTPS and FTP:

sudo yum install wget

Notice that the command starts with "sudo". This will allow you to run the instructions with root privileges.

Step Two - Installing MySQL

To install MySQL, login into your VPS and type:

sudo yum install mysql-server

Create a system start-up link for MySQL to enable the services to run at boot:

sudo chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on

This might seem silly, but it is a good idea to verify that the MySQL server is running, otherwise you will come up with a MySQL ERROR 2002 (HY000) when executing the mysql_secure_installation command:

sudo service mysqld status

If the VPS is not running type:

sudo service mysqld start

Create a password for the MySQL user root and perform some initial configurations:

sudo mysql_secure_installation
Enter current password for root (enter for none):_

Since a MySQL root password has not been configured we can just press ENTER and continue with the process of setting up MySQL:

Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: SQL.ROOT.PASSWORD.EXAMPLE
Re-enter new password: SQL.ROOT.PASSWORD.EXAMPLE
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y

Step Three - Installing Lighttpd

Lighttpd and PHP-FPM are not supported from the official CentOS repositories, let's go ahead and add the Remi RPM and the EPEL repositories to CentOS:

sudo rpm --import https://fedoraproject.org/static/0608B895.txt
sudo wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
sudo rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

Then run the following command to install Lighttpd:

sudo yum install lighttpd

Create a system start-up link for Lighttpd to enable the service to run at boot:

sudo chkconfig --levels 235 lighttpd on

Start the service and check that it is running:

sudo service lighttpd start
sudo service lighttpd status

Open your browser and type your VPS' IP http://123.456.789.10, you can run the following command to reveal your VPS' IP address:

ifconfig

The Lighttpd welcome page should be displayed:

Typical Errors - Lighttpd Troubleshooting

ERROR 1: Lighttpd fails to start: "socket failed: Address family not supported by protocol" or "please use server.use-ipv6 only for hostnames, not without server.bind..." , open Lighttpd.conf:

sudo nano /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf

And disable IPv6:

##
server.use-ipv6 = "disable"
##

ERROR 2: Warning "can't have more connections than fds/2: 1024 1024", open Lighttpd.conf:

sudo nano /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf

Uncomment #server.max-fds = 2048:

##
server.max-fds = 2048
##

Restart Lighttpd:

sudo service lighttpd restart
Stopping lighttpd [OK]
Starting lighttpd [OK]

Step Four - Installing PHP

Install PHP5 (FPM):

sudo yum install php-fpm lighttpd-fastcgi

Open www.conf:

sudo nano /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

Add lighttpd to the user and group:

; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
;       will be used.
user = lighttpd
; RPM: Keep a group allowed to write in log dir.
group = lighttpd

Create a system start-up link for PHP-FPM to enable the service to run at boot:

sudo chkconfig --levels 235 php-fpm on

Start the service and check that it is running:

sudo service php-fpm start
sudo service php-fpm status

Once the installation is complete, we have to enable PHP5 in Lighttpd. Let's find your php.ini file:

sudo nano /etc/php.ini

And uncomment the required line:

;
cgi.fix_pathinfo=1
;

Open fastcgi.conf:

sudo nano /etc/lighttpd/modules.conf

And uncomment this line:

##
include "conf.d/fastcgi.conf"
##

Open fastcgi.conf

sudo nano /etc/lighttpd/conf.d/fastcgi.conf

and add the following lines:

## for the php-num-procs example it means you will get 17*5 = 85 php
## processes. you always should need this high number for your very
## busy sites. And if you have a lot of RAM. :)
## ADD YOUR LINES HERE
fastcgi.server += ( ".php" =>
        ((
                "host" => "127.0.0.1",
                "port" => "9000",
                "broken-scriptfilename" => "enable"
        ))
)
## GOOD JOB
#fastcgi.server = ( ".php" =>

Install MySQL PHP module:

sudo yum install php-mysql

Restart Lighttpd and PHP-FPM:

sudo service php-fpm restart
sudo service lighttpd restart

Step Six (Optional) - Testing PHP using info.php

Create info.php:

sudo nano /var/www/lighttpd/info.php

Add the following lines:

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

Open your browser and go to your server's IP http://123.456.789.10/info.php .We can see that PHP is working through FPM/FastCGI:

And that the MySQL module is listed, therefore working:

And that is all; congratulations!